Factual Reports
Summary
A.
Denifition
A factual report is also called an informative report
B.
Purpose
The text is used to describe general natural, man-made and social
phenomena. It tells the reader about the way things are. Reports have a logical
sequence of facts that are stated without any personal involvementfrom the
writer. They differ from descriptive texts in which they are used to describe
one specific things. Reports deal with things in general. For example, when we
write a factual report about dogs, we describe general features of dogs. But,
if we want to describe a specific dog (e.g my dog), we will write a description
text
C.
Structure
-
General
Classification
This part opens the text with
a brief statement about the things that will be discussed
-
Description
This part describes the things
in detail. In this part, the writer describes all aspects of the things under
discussion. It can discuss its parts and functions, behaviors, physical
appearances, etc
D.
Language
Features
-
Nouns
and noun pharases are usedrather than personal pronouns. The use of personal
pronouns is limited
-
Most
reports are written in the simple peresnt tense
-
Some
reports use technical or scientific terms
-
Linking
verbs are used to give coherence e.g is, are, has, have, and belong to
-
Use
action verbs(climbs, eat, etc)
-
No
temporal sequence
-
Descriptive
language is used. It is factual rather than imaginative, e.g. colour, shape,
size, body parts, habits, behaviours, function, and uses.
E.
Example
F.
Exercises
Jellyfish
A jelly fish is a sea creature
that is gelanatious or made up of”jelly-like” material. It lives in almost all
oceans from the surface to the deep sea. A jellyfish ha a
gelatinousumbrella-shaped bell for its movement and tentacles for
capturing prey.There are three kinds of
jellyfish: medusae (stinging jellyfish), comb jellies (non-stinging jellyfish),
and salp (a barrel-shaped jellyfish)
Jellyfish’s tentacles have
millions of very small cells, called nematocysts. The cells enable it to
capture by injecting some toxin. The toxin will spread through the prey’s skin.
A jellyfish eats many kinds of things,such as plankton(small plants), copepod,
fish eggs and small eggs and small fish. They even eat other jellyfish. A great
number of jellyfishin one area will be bad forfishermen because they will eat almost everything in the water
and no fish willcome close to the area.
1.
What is
the purpose of the text?
A.
To describe
a jellyfish in general
B.
To show
how a jellyfish reproduces
C.
To explain
how a jellyfish captures it’s prey
D.
To show
the relationship between a jellyfish and a fisherman
E.
To discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of jellyfish for humans
2.
What is
the function of nematocysts?
A.
To reproduce
B.
To move
forward
C.
To threaten
fishermen
D.
To prolong
their lifetime
E.
To inject
some toxin intothe prey
3.
The cells
enable it to capture prey by
injecting some toxin.” (paragraph 2)
What does the pronoun refer to ?
A.
A jellyfish
B.
Plankton
C.
Toxin
D.
Water
E.
Area
4.
What is
the tense usedin the text
A.
Present
Tense
B.
Past
Tense
C.
Past Continous
D.
Present
Continous
E.
Past Perfect
5.
What this
text about?
A.
Jellyfish
is a sea creature that is gelatinous or made up of “jelly-like” material
B.
There
are seven kinds of jellyfish
C.
A jellyfish
many kinds of things
D.
Jellyfish
tentacle is called nematocysts
E.
They even
eat other jellyfish
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